Maklumat Influenza A H1N1 (Selsema Khinzir @ Babi?)

sebagai panduan kita bersama...

Apa itu Influenza A H1N1?

Viral Novel Influenza type A H1N1. Ianya berasal dari Virus Avian Flu (Selsema Burung H5N1) yang telah menjangkiti Babi @ Khinzir dan telah bergabung dengan Swine Flu (yang sepatutnya hanya menjangkiti ternakan Babi sahaja) dan telah evaluasi (Mutasi) untuk penyesuaian diri di dalam 'host' yang lebih tinggi didalam rantaian makanan@manusia Dan semasa didalam badan manusia, sekali lagi ia berevolusi supaya ia menjadi 'air born' dan menjangkit dari manusia kepada manusia.

Jangka Hayat Virus

Oleh kerana ia adalah Virus yang 'air born', ia hanya boleh bertahan di udara selama 2 hingga 8 jam sahaja. Jika selepas tempoh tersebut ia tidak mendapat perumah @ host ( badan manusia) ia akan mati. Maka bilik yang dibiarkan selama 24 jam dengan air ventilation yg baik, akan 'bersih' dr virus tersebut.

Apa Yang Perlu Tahu

Asal virus ini:

Sebenarnya telah terdapat outbrake di US sebelum terjadi outbrake di Mexico tapi tidak dilaporkan kepada WHO. Kemungkinan outbrake ini telah dikesan dan US mahu 'baling batu sembunyi tangan' lalu tercetus la outbrakedi Mexico .

Virologi Virus H1N1

Incubation Period yang singkat pada purata 2 hari dengan julat 1 - 4 hari
ini bermakna ia cepat menyerang badan manusia setelah ia menjangkiti pesakit pesakit akan menunjukkan simptom selepas 1 hari dijangkiti paling cepat dan selewat-lewatnya hari ke-4 H1N1 sebenarnya adalah Selsema Biasa namun kepada pesakit yang berisiko, ia dapat membunuh. Jika pesakit adalah seorang yg normal, ia hanya akan memberi kesan seperti demam selsema biasa dan batuk.

Cara Serangan

Virus ini boleh disebarkan melalui batuk, bersin dan percakapan.Virus ini akan menyerang sistem pernafasan (seperti selsema burung dan SARS) peringkat awal, ia hanya pada 'trakea' jika tidak mendapat rawatan awal, ia akan menyerang paru-paru dan boleh menyebabkan kematian akibat 'lung collapse' ia amat merbahaya kepada golongan yangg berisiko tinggi.

Siapa yang berisiko:

1. Orang yang ada masalah 'obesiti' @ gemuk.

2. Perempuan yang mengandung.

3. Orang yang ada asthmatic (Bronkiol Asthma)

4. Orang-orang yang bermasalah dengan sistem imunisasi (menjalani 'operation yg besar', kanak-kanak yang belum cukup suntikan imunisasi, golongan-golongan yang rendah tahap imuniti eg. HIV ext.)

*kematian yang telah dilaporkan terdiri daripada golongan-golongan di atas. 44 kematian di laporkan setakat 12 Ogos 2009.

Simptom-Simptom

hari 1 - rasa kurang sihat, tak bermaya.
hari 2 - selsema, batuk dan demam yg kekal (demam tidak turun walaupun telah makan ubat demam).
hari 3 - rasa kurang selesa di bahagian dada dan sesak nafas.
hari 4 - sakit dada yg teruk jumpa doktor dengan segera.
hari 5 - and above lung collapse @ koma.

Langkah-langkah kawalan

1. Golongan-golongan yang berisiko, elakkan daripada kesesakan (kawasan yang padat dengan orang ramai)

2. Menjaga kebersihan diri, basuh tangan selalu dan dengan betul, jaga kebersihan rumah dan persekitaran .

3. Elakkan diri jika terdapat 'orang batuk, bersin dan kurang sihat' .

4. Jika kurang sihat, elakan diri dari beraktiviti (sosial dan berkumpulan)

5. Jika kurang sihat dan ada ILI ( influenza light illness @ selsema biasa) jangan hadirkan diri di kawasan orang ramai. jika terpaksa, pakai 'mask' (sekurang2 nya 3 ply mask).

6. Untuk orang yang sihat, elakkan dari kawasan yang padat.

7. Jika ada tanda-tanda simptom diatas, segera ke hospital untuk pemeriksaan dan rawatan

8. Jika sihat, jangan ke hospital atau klinik untuk 'checkup' kerana di kawasan tersebut mengandungi banyak virus.

9. Tak perlu ambil anti-viral @ apa-apa ubat influenza. jika sihat dan mengambilnya, akanmengakibatkan resistan (lali) kepada vaksin @ ubat-ubat untuk merawat jika terkena jangkitan. ini adalah kerana berlakunya resistansi virus terhadap persekitaran badan yang telah mengambil ubat-ubat tersebut terlebih awal.

10. Vaksin hanya akan 'wujud' seawal-awalnya pada oktober 09 dan hanya untuk 'frontliner' sahaja dan untuk awam selewat-lewatnya pada 2010.

11. Untuk makluman, influenza test hanya dijalankan di dua makmal sahaja di malaysia, mengambil masa 6 jam untuk run test kepada satu batch sample. Jika klinik menyatakan mereka boleh jalankan ujian, itu tidak betul tak perlu ambil suntikan seasonal influenza kerana ia tidak berkaitan.

12. Tahap kesedaran dan pengetahuan yg tinggi amat perlu untuk kita sama-sama menghadapi outbrake ini. Sama-samalah kita berdoa kepada ALLAH s.w.t agar bala ini cepat berlalu. Amin…

Sumber Rujukan:

Taklimat Influenza A H1N1 oleh Pengarah Kawalan Penyakit Berjangkit dari Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia di Pan Pasific KLIA pada 01 Ogos 2009. Untuk maklumat lanjut pertanyaan/kemusykilan/soaljawab layari lamanweb Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia mengenai Influenza A H1N1 http://h1n1.moh.gov.my

CEGAH AWAL DGN MENGUNAKAN PRODUK CELLFOOD...

cegahi sebelum terlambat....

baik untuk H1N1peringkat awal dan segala penyakit barah...

Brunei already have a case H1N1

First H1N1 flu case in Brunei
By Azaraimy HH

Brunei confirmed its first case of A (H1N1) influenza when a student was found infected with the flu virus more than 12 hours after arriving home on flight BI098 from London Heathrow on June 16, 2009.

The student was confirmed to have contracted the virus after Rapid Result and other tests were carefully executed.

Brunei will soon be seeing its student returning from United Kingdom, one of the countries with growing cases of H1N1 virus. But at a press conference early yesterday evening, the Minister of Health, Pehin Dato Seri Setia Awg Hj Suyoi, said there is no cause to panic now that Brunei has recorded its first H1N1 case in the country and asked the public to stay calm and take extra precaution.

The Ministry of Health did not disclose the student’s gender nor identity but family members who had come forward to be tested had been proved negative of H1N1, the ministry added.

The 19-year-old Brunei student studying in United Kingdom is currently on holiday. The student arrived here on June 16 but only showed H1N1 symptoms on June 19 evening. The student had his first emergency treatment at R1PAS Hospital on June 20 before being transferred for treatment and observation at the quarantine centre in Pengiran Muda Haji Al-Muhtadee Billah Hospital in Tutong.

Pehin Suyoi said while the ministry believed the student was infected while in the UK, due to the fact that the student only showed signs of H1N1 symptoms three days after arrival, which is more than 20 hours, the ministry will not be contacting other passengers of flight BI098.

He said this is because in this case the risk of the virus spreading to other passengers of flight BI098 at that time was low. He said the student caught the infection abroad and not in Brunei and that, he said, meant Brunei is still relatively safe.

However, he reminded all arrivals from countries infected with H1N1 to immediately go for check-up if they show symptoms of the Virus.

The Ministry of Health, he said, is contemplating on checking all incoming air passengers after arriving at the airport. Previously, it only runs checks on passengers from infected countries.

“This is not just because Brunei has now registered its first local H1N1 case but because of the way the virus is now spreading in a pandemic way,” Pehin Suyoi added.

Meanwhile, the two local Bruneians who were confirmed to be infected with H1N1 flu in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, have been discharged from hospital quarantine and are recovering well. They will be returning to Brunei after the end of their travel quarantine.

The Health Minister also said that the ministry is now working with the Brunei student unit in UK to call for Brunei students in that country to take extra precaution before flying home.

The minister also urged the public to restrict or delay non-essential travel abroad because of how the virus is spreading.

He urged those who are showing signs of H1N1 symptoms after travelling abroad to stay home and stay away from public places.

Courtesy of Borneo Bulletin

General Instructions for Disposable Respirators

H1N1 Flu and Antiviral Drugs

WHO confirms 1,893 human A/H1N1 cases worldwide

GENEVA, (Xinhua) -- The World Health Organization (WHO) yesterday confirmed a total of 1,893 human infection cases of the A/H1N1 flu virus from 23 countries, including 31 deaths.

Mexico, the epicenter of the outbreak, has reported 942 laboratory-confirmed human cases of infection, including 29 deaths. The United States has reported 642 laboratory-confirmed human cases, including two deaths, the UN agency said in a latest update.

The following governments have reported laboratory-confirmed cases with no deaths: Austria (1), Canada (165), Hong Kong, China (1), Colombia (1), Costa Rica (1), Denmark (1), El Salvador (2), France (5), Germany (9), Guatemala (1), Ireland (1), Israel (4), Italy (5), the Netherlands (1), New Zealand (5), Portugal (1), the Republic of Korea (2), Spain (73), Sweden (1), Switzerland (1) and Britain (28).

Meanwhile, a WHO official said yesterday that an expert committee of the agency would meet next week to discuss issues related to the production of A/H1N1 vaccine.

The committee is expected to give advice to the WHO on whether the time has come for drug makers such as GlaxoSmithKline and Novartis to start large-scale manufacturing of the vaccine, Marie- Paule Kieny, WHO director of the Initiative for Vaccine Research, told a news briefing in Geneva.

Kieny added that WHO Director-general Margaret Chan and UN Secretary-general Ban Ki-moon would also meet with heads of a number of companies manufacturing vaccines on May 19, to "ensure more equitable access for developing countries to this vaccine when it is available.

17 May 2009 - Already 39 countries cases of influenza A(H1N1)

17 May 2009, 39 countries have officially reported 8480 cases of influenza A(H1N1) infection.

Mexico has reported 2895 laboratory confirmed human cases of infection, including 66 deaths. The United States has reported 4714 laboratory confirmed human cases, including four deaths. Canada has reported 496 laboratory confirmed human cases, including one death. Costa Rica has reported nine laboratory confirmed human cases, including one death.

The following countries have reported laboratory confirmed cases with no deaths - Argentina (1), Australia (1), Austria (1), Belgium (4), Brazil (8), China (5), Colombia (11), Cuba (3), Denmark (1), Ecuador (1), El Salvador (4), Finland (2), France (14), Germany (14), Guatemala (3), India (1), Ireland (1), Israel (7), Italy (9), Japan (7), Malaysia (2), Netherlands (3), New Zealand (9), Norway (2), Panama (54), Peru (1), Poland (1), Portugal (1), Republic of Korea (3), Spain (103), Sweden (3), Switzerland (1), Thailand (2), Turkey (1), and the United Kingdom (82).

WHO is not recommending travel restrictions related to the outbreak of the influenza A(H1N1) virus.

Individuals who are ill should delay travel plans and returning travelers who fall ill should seek appropriate medical care. These recommendations are prudent measures which can limit the spread of many communicable diseases, including influenza.

Further information on the situation will be available on the WHO web site on a regular basis.

Influenza A (H1N1)

A New Influenza Virus

Novel influenza A (H1N1) is a new flu virus of swine origin that was first detected in April, 2009. The virus is infecting people and is spreading from person-to-person, sparking a growing outbreak of illness in the United States. An increasing number of cases are being reported internationally as well.

It’s thought that novel influenza A (H1N1) flu spreads in the same way that regular seasonal influenza viruses spread; mainly through the coughs and sneezes of people who are sick with the virus.

It’s uncertain at this time how severe this novel H1N1 outbreak will be in terms of illness and death compared with other influenza viruses. Because this is a new virus, most people will not have immunity to it, and illness may be more severe and widespread as a result. In addition, currently there is no vaccine to protect against this novel H1N1 virus. CDC anticipates that there will be more cases, more hospitalizations and more deaths associated with this new virus in the coming days and weeks.

Novel influenza A (H1N1) activity is now being detected through CDC’s routine influenza surveillance systems and reported weekly in FluView. CDC tracks U.S. influenza activity through multiple systems across five categories. The fact that novel H1N1 activity can now be monitored through seasonal surveillance systems is an indication that there are higher levels of influenza-like illness in the United States than is normal for this time of year. About half of all influenza viruses being detected are novel H1N1 viruses.
CDC Response
CDC continues to take aggressive action to respond to the outbreak. CDC’s response goals are to reduce the spread and severity of illness, and to provide information to help health care providers, public health officials and the public address the challenges posed by this new public health threat.

CDC is issuing updated interim guidance daily in response to the rapidly evolving situation.
Clinician Guidance

CDC has issued interim guidance for clinicians on identifying and caring for patients with novel H1N1, in addition to providing interim guidance on the use of antiviral drugs. Influenza antiviral drugs are prescription medicines (pills, liquid or an inhaler) with activity against influenza viruses, including novel influenza H1N1 viruses. The priority use for influenza antiviral drugs during this outbreak is to treat severe influenza illness, including people who are hospitalized or sick people who are considered at high risk of serious influenza-related complications.
Public Guidance

In addition, CDC has provided guidance for the public on what to do if they become sick with flu-like symptoms, including infection with novel H1N1. CDC also has issued instructions on taking care of a sick person at home. Novel H1N1 infection has been reported to cause a wide range of symptoms, including fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. In addition, a significant number of people also have reported nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. Everyone should take everyday preventive actions to stop the spread of germs, including frequent hand washing and people who are sick should stay home and avoid contact with others in order to limit further spread of the disease.
Testing

CDC has developed a PCR diagnostic test kit to detect this novel H1N1 virus and has now distributed test kits to all states in the U.S. and the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. The test kits are being shipped internationally as well. This will allow states and other countries to test for this new virus. This increase in testing will likely result in an increase in the number of confirmed cases of illness reported. This, combined with ongoing monitoring through Flu View should provide a fuller picture of the burden of disease in the United States over time.